In the context of hearing assessments, what does the term "occlusion effect" mean?

The term "occlusion effect" refers to the phenomenon observed when the ear canal is occluded, typically by an earplug or hearing aid. In this context, it leads to an increased sensitivity to low-frequency sounds. When the ear canal is blocked, it changes the resonant characteristics of the ear canal. This results in a reduction in the sound's escape from the ear, which can enhance the perception of certain frequencies, particularly low frequencies.

This effect can be particularly significant in individuals with some degree of conductive hearing loss, as it allows for a greater perception of sound vibrations that are transmitted through bone conduction. The occlusion effect is essential to consider during hearing assessments, especially when evaluating bone conduction thresholds, to avoid misinterpretation of the results.

The other options do not accurately capture the essence of the occlusion effect. Increased perception of external sounds, inaccurate measures of bone conduction due to occlusion, and auditory fatigue do not align with the described phenomenon, emphasizing why the correct choice accurately defines what happens during the occlusion effect in hearing assessments.